Inverse groundwater modelling in the Willunga Basin,South Australia     

Ian Knowles  Michael Teubner  Aimin Yan  Paul Rasser  Jong Wook Lee 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(6):1107-1118

A new inverse technique for modelling groundwater flow, based on a functional minimization technique, has been used to calibrate a groundwater flow model of a subregion of the Port Willunga aquifer within the Willunga Basin in South Australia. The Willunga Basin is the location of extensive viticulture, irrigated primarily by groundwater, the levels and quality of which have declined significantly over the last 40 years. The new method is able to generate estimates of transmissivity, storativity and groundwater recharge over the whole subregion as a time-varying continuous surface; previous methods estimate local discrete parameter values at specific times. The new method has also been shown to produce accurate head values for the subregion and very good estimates of groundwater recharge. Its ultimate goal will be to provide a new and invaluable tool for significantly improved groundwater resource management. Supported in part by US National Science Foundation grants, DMS-0107492 and DMS-0079478.  相似文献   

Semi-active model predictive control for 3rd generation benchmark problem using smart dampers     

颜桂云  孙炳楠  吕艳平 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,6(3):307-315

A semi-active strategy for model predictive control (MPC), in which magneto-rheological dampers are used as an actuator, is presented for use in reducing the nonlinear seismic response of high-rise buildings. A multi-step predictive model is developed to estimate the seismic performance of high-rise buildings, taking into account of the effects of nonlinearity, time-variability, model mismatching, and disturbances and uncertainty of controlled system parameters by the predicted error feedback in the multi-step predictive model. Based on the predictive model, a Kalman-Bucy observer suitable for semi-active strategy is proposed to estimate the state vector from the acceleration and semi-active control force feedback. The main advantage of the proposed strategy is its inherent stability, simplicity, on-line real-time operation, and the ability to handle nonlinearity, uncertainty, and time-variability properties of structures. Numerical simulation of the nonlinear seismic responses of a controlled 20-story benchmark building is carried out, and the simulation results are compared to those of other control systems. The results show that the developed semi-active strategy can efficiently reduce the nonlinear seismic response of high-rise buildings.  相似文献   

Inversion of interference hydraulic pumping tests in both homogeneous and fractal dual media     

Frederick Delay  Anne Kaczmaryk  Philippe Ackerer 《Advances in water resources》2007

This work proposes a complete method for automatic inversion of data from hydraulic interference pumping tests based on both homogeneous and fractal dual-medium approaches. The aim is to seek a new alternative concept able to interpret field data, identify macroscopic hydraulic parameters and therefore enhance the understanding of flow in porous fractured reservoirs. Because of its much contrasted sensitivities to parameters, the dual-medium approach yields an ill-posed inverse problem that requires a specific optimization procedure including the calculation of analytical sensitivities and their possible re-scaling. Once these constraints are fulfilled, the inversion proves accurate, provides unambiguous and reliable results. In the fractal context inverting several drawdown curves from different locations at the same time reveals more accurate. Finally, hydraulic parameters drawn from inversion should be taken into account to improve in various situations the conditioning of up-scaled flow in fractured rocks.  相似文献   

Comments on “Steady- and transient-state inversion in hydrogeology by successive flux estimation” by P. Pasquier and D. Marcotte     

Giansilvio Ponzini  Mauro GiudiciChiara Vassena 《Advances in water resources》2007

Pasquier and Marcotte [Pasquier P, Marcotte D. Steady- and transient-state inversion in hydrogeology by successive flux estimation. Adv Wat Res 2006;29:1934–52] propose some modifications to the Comparison Model Method (CMM), in order to apply it to transient 3D ground water flow data for conductivity identification. We present some remarks on that paper to improve the comprehension of the basic features of the CMM and of the real value of the novelties introduced by Pasquier and Marcotte.  相似文献   

Analytical models of contaminant transport in coastal aquifers     

Diogo T. Bolster  Daniel M. Tartakovsky  Marco Dentz 《Advances in water resources》2007

The Henry formulation, which couples subsurface flow and salt transport via a variable-density flow formulation, can be used to evaluate the extent of sea water intrusion into coastal aquifers. The coupling gives rise to nontrivial flow patterns that are very different from those observed in inland aquifers. We investigate the influence of these flow patterns on the transport of conservative contaminants in a coastal aquifer. The flow is characterized by two dimensionless parameters: the Péclet number, which compares the relative effects of advective and dispersive transport mechanisms, and a coupling parameter, which describes the importance of the salt water boundary on the flow. We focus our attention on two regimes – low and intermediate Péclet number flows. Two transport scenarios are solved analytically by means of a perturbation analysis. The first, a natural attenuation scenario, describes the flushing of a contaminant from a coastal aquifer by clean fresh water, while the second, a contaminant spill scenario, considers an isolated point source.  相似文献   

宝兴县城堤防工程灌注桩施工中的几个问题     

唐明才 《四川地质学报》2002,22(Z1):63-64

介绍在宝兴县城堤防灌注桩工程施工中，如何解决孔轴线倾斜、卡钻、坍孔、导管堵塞等技术难题。  相似文献   

岩土工程渗流参数反问题   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10  

刘杰  王媛  刘宁 《岩土力学》2002,23(2):152-161

系统介绍了目前国内外岩土工程渗流参数反问题研究的现状和进展，对参数辨识不适定性等问题做了讨论，并结合计算实践着重对几种典型求解方法的优缺点进行了比较和评述。对今后岩土工程渗流反问题研究提出了初浅的看法。  相似文献   

西北地区水资源若干问题探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王德潜  刘祖植 《西北地质》2002,35(3):1-6

在对我国西北地区水资源及开发利用现状进行分析的基础上，针对如何认识西北地区的缺水问题，如何评价西北地区地下水资源的重要性，怎样看待深层地下水资源以及开采地下水可能引起的环境地质问题等，进行了较深入的分析论述，指出进一步查清西北地区地下水资源，尤其是中深层地下水资源，并加以科学、适度的开发和合理利用，是解决西北地区水资源短缺问题的重要途径之一。  相似文献   

我国期气候预测的业务技术发展     

赵振国 《山东气象》2001,21(3):4-7

概述了我国短期气候预测技术和业务现代化发展的历史，分析了“九五”以来我国短期气候预测技术的新进展，探讨了未来短期气候预测技术发展的几个主要问题。  相似文献   

新时期西部地区贫困问题研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

刘慧 《地理研究》2001,20(4):489-497

西部地区是我国贫困面最大、贫困程度最深的地区，同时也是从类发展水平非常落后的地区，收入贫困与知识贫困、人力贫困并存。在上世纪末基本解决温饱之后，西部地区仍然面临着能否稳定脱贫、人力资源开发落后、农民税费过重等诸多扶贫新问题。在深入分析西部地区贫困特点及面临的新问题的基础上，提出了新世纪西部地区消除贫困战略的政策导向以及分三阶段实施贫困地区发展目标的基本设想。建议扶贫开发方式逐渐从以物质投入为主转向以人力资源投入为主，并与国家西部大开发中的“退耕还林（草）”、“西气东输”、“西电东送”等重大工程项目密切结合。  相似文献